A soccer ball was simulated in Stallion 3D at 67 mph (30 m/s) with 600 rpm (10 Hz) of spin to examine the Magnus effect responsible for a bending free kick.
The Stallion 3D simulation predicted the following forces:
• Side Force: 5.72 N (1.29 lb)
• Total Drag: 5.70 N (1.28 lb)
• Lift: −0.333 N
The streamlines, in the attached side-view picture, show the wake generated by the spinning ball, producing the lateral force that curves the trajectory. Although simple in appearance, predicting this behavior requires resolving the interaction between boundary-layer separation, rotation, and wake development around the ball. Similar dynamic inputs into Stallion 3D are often used to accurately compute dynamic and damping derivatives for airplane, UAVs and eVTOLS stability and control.
Sometimes CFD predicts an aircraft. Sometimes it predicts a free kick.
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